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Insomnia medication can play an essential role in managing sleep disturbances for individuals experiencing chronic or acute insomnia. These medications, which may include over-the-counter options or prescription drugs, are primarily classified into two categories: sedative-hypnotics and non-benzodiazepine sleep aids.

Sedative-hypnotics, such as benzodiazepines, act on the brain's receptors to induce sleep. Common examples include lorazepam and temazepam. While effective in reducing the time it takes to fall asleep and increasing sleep duration, they may lead to dependence if used long-term. Therefore, they are typically recommended for short-term use.

Non-benzodiazepine sleep aids, such as zolpidem and eszopiclone, are designed to minimize the risk of dependence while effectively promoting sleep. They tend to have a quicker onset of action and a shorter half-life, which can help address issues with both sleep initiation and maintenance.

In addition to these medications, lifestyle modifications and cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) are also viable options to improve sleep quality without the potential side effects associated with pharmaceuticals. Before starting any medication for insomnia, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to evaluate the best treatment approach and ensure it aligns with individual health needs.